The double-action handgun, whether revolver or autoloader, is a great threat management tool. The long, heavy trigger means that accidental discharges under stress are less likely to occur than with a light, short action.
What happens, though, when shooting has to be done? The trigger that requires deliberate action to fire also requires more attention to get good hits when shooting is needed. If that’s the case, what’s the best way to handle the double-action trigger in a self-defense situation?
Trigger Control Is Everything
Over the years, I’ve come to realize that it’s not about the sight picture. Everyone knows what a proper sight picture looks like, and it’s an easy thing to teach to even complete novices. What’s harder is to keep those sights—and the bore of the gun—on target as the round is ignited.
“Focus on the front sight” works not because we lack knowledge of the sight picture, but because the subtle visual cues in that view tell us when our trigger finger is steering the gun off of proper alignment. That allows us to re-establish that alignment on a continuous basis until the round ignites.
That’s great for target shooters, but as we start to focus on the threat, those visual cues disappear. We need to be able to shoot without our finger affecting the gun’s alignment, and it’s harder to do with a double action than a single action.
Not impossible, though!
What To Do With That Finger?
In order to manipulate that heavy action, we need optimal finger placement on the trigger, and that is at the first joint, known in anatomy as the distal interphalangeal joint and usually abbreviated as DIP.
By centering that joint on the trigger face, we get maximum leverage with minimum effort. The finger doesn’t tire as quickly, and the finger movement is smoother. Using the DIP allows us to manipulate the trigger with as little imparted motion to the gun as possible.
Start With the Basics
When I talk about double-action trigger manipulation, I like to use the term stroke—as in a golf stroke. I use this term intentionally and in preference to other terms, because it puts the correct picture in the mind (you’ll see why later).
A trigger stroke, like a golf stroke, consists of two parts: the first is the trigger compression, which fires the gun. The second is the trigger return, which resets the trigger for the next shot.
Once upon a time, double-action shooters were taught to stage the trigger—that is, to pull it back partway, stop, readjust the sights, then restart the trigger to fire the gun. We now realize that this is not practical in the midst of a defensive encounter, and that training in a manner that is not consistent with reality results in lowered performance.
Instead, we train so that the compression is of a consistent speed. Don’t stop or even slow down once the compression has started: keep the trigger finger moving until the gun fires.
Proper trigger control results in better double-action shooting at any speed or distance.
The goal of a good trigger return is to set us up for the next shot as efficiently as possible. The return should be as smooth as the stroke, and at the same speed as the stroke.
Once the trigger starts moving, it doesn’t stop. The compression/release sequence should not have any interruptions or slow spots. It should feel as though it is one continuous motion—just like a golf swing!
Finally, a Use for That Geometry You Learned in High School!
It’s important to understand that the double-action trigger and your finger are somewhat at odds. The trigger rotates on a pivot and travels not in a straight line, but in an arc. Your finger does the same thing: it pivots at the second finger joint and the tip travels in an arc.
Those arcs are at right angles to each other. The trigger’s arc is in a vertical plane, and the finger’s is in a horizontal plane. What this means is that the trigger, relative to the finger, is rotating away from it. The finger, relative to the gun, is rotating toward it.
Why is this significant? Because it sets the stage for the biggest mistake most people make when shooting double action: milking the trigger.
Grasping or “milking” the trigger brings the fingertip into contact with the frame, possibly throwing shots off target.
When this happens, the trigger finger steers the gun to one side. For a right-handed shooter, it usually results in the gun being pulled over to the right as the finger’s arc comes inward, toward the palm, as the sear releases. (This is why I don’t use the term “trigger pull.” The last thing we want to do is pull the gun more!)
Most people see this happening because their sight alignment suffers as the trigger finger steers the gun slightly off target. The usual reaction is to curl the finger so much that the tip contacts the frame, pushing the gun in the opposite direction. Consciously or not, the shooter is trying to equalize the two forces to keep the gun squarely on target.
Getting both of those forces just right on the target range, when you can clearly watch your sights, is easy. Doing it in the face of a determined attack, perhaps in sub-optimal light, is another matter.
Training The Trigger Finger
The solution is to stop the trigger finger from steering the gun in the first place. How do we do that? Believe it or not, it’s pretty simple, but it takes a little conscious effort to retrain the brain.
The key is to let the trigger finger slide across the trigger face. Now that sounds simple enough, but it’s tough to do—at first. It gets easier after just a little dry-fire work.
As the trigger moves backward in compression, pay attention to the way the finger wants to slide. It will want to slide down the trigger face. Let it. It will want to slide sideways, across the trigger face. Again, let it do so.
You may feel as though your finger is going to slide right off the trigger, but it won’t! Compress the trigger, letting the finger slide down and across the trigger face. Pay attention to how it feels, and replicate that feeling with each repetition.
Letting the finger slide over the face of the trigger eliminates both “steering” and frame interference.
Do the same thing on the release stroke. Let the finger slide over the trigger as it smoothly resets. The return should be at the same speed as the compression. Watch your sights and do just enough repetition so that your sights don’t move during the return.
The result? Your sights shouldn’t move at all during the complete trigger stroke, either in compression or return. That’s when you know you’ve got it!
How much dry fire is necessary? Not a lot—most people pick this up in just a minute or two. Once you’ve gotten to the point that the trigger is moving without disturbing the sight alignment, any further dry fire is of little use. It’s time to go to the range and do it for real!
By letting the trigger finger move as it needs to over the trigger face, you’ll find that your double-action shooting will become faster and more accurate. Most importantly, it will be so whether you’re carefully watching your sights or not!
31 Responses to “Dealing With the Double-Action Trigger”
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Some of the worst advice i gave ever seen in print.
I’ve heard this before, and it may work well for some. I’ve found that for myself, keeping the meaty part of my index finger on the trigger and pulling in a straight line seems to keep the front sight on target without any thought at all. I’m not as fast as some, but I generally hit dead center.
This was really, really helpful reading!
suffice it to say,,,, as a former Marine rifle/pistol range instructor and avtd shooter have never read a simpler explanation on the double action instruction as I just read…thank you
Why not shoot as a single action and cock the hammer first?
Hello. We want to train shooting the gun in the same condition it would be in when coming out of the holster. Training to present the gun from the holster and cocking the hammer is not setting someone up for success in that worse case scenario as well as negating the benefit of having that longer/heavier trigger pull (“…accidental discharges under stress are less likely to occur..”).
accidental discharges under stress are less likely to occur
Thanks
Deryck-Personal Defense Network
I am retired LEO. Excellent and thorough description of sight on target while applying pressure to trigger. A big problem I saw with “new” shooters and recruits was “recoil anticipation”. Enjoyed reading this and be safe.
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One thing I notice when dry firing a S&W N frame(M29) and pulling the trigger straight through rapidly is that when the cylinder locks up it carries enough momentum to disturb the sight picture. I can only imagine it would do so even more with ammo in it, except you don’t notice it as much due to the revolver recoiling at the shot. I think a M27 would be even worse due to more steel in the cylinder and a lighter weight barrel.I do remember reading a article by Skeeter Skelton where he stated that when he was rapid firing a M27 that the”heavy cylinder’s ‘centrifugal force’ helped him to fire even more rapidly”. I think he meant momentum, but either way I don’t see how it would help fire any faster when the cylinder has to come to a complete stop each time it locks up to fire. I wonder why S&W has not produced a N frame with a heavy underlugged barrel and a Titanium cylinder?( At least I’m not aware of one) That should be a very smooth shooting revolver.I do find that the smaller the cylinder the less the cylinder lockup affects the sight picture.
I can’t stage a trigger quickly or consistently. I can press a trigger smoothly to the rear after I polish some parts and install a Wolff Spring kit. I think the springs they install at the factory are detrimental to fast and accurate shooting to a person with small to average size hands, and I don’t care how well you fit the grips. I agree that the faster you reset the trigger the faster you will shoot. McGivern and Miculek are both masters of a lost art!
Grant Cunningham is a great writer, clear and succinct. His opinions are well thought out and skillfully communicated. I always learn something from his essays.
A couple of additions to Grant’s excellent article.
#1, while the continuous trigger pull is the default response, trigger prepping is a vital skill to learn, especially when needing to make accurate shots at distance under stress.
#2, one can gain mechanical advantage over a particularly harsh double action trigger by sliding the hand down the grip an inch or so. Works exceedingly well for people with minimum finger strength, who cannot manage a harsh trigger any other way. This technique will lengthen the trigger reach, so it might not work for many small handed shooters.
Woot, I will ceriltnay put this to good use!
Gee, that’s not the way Ed McGivern did it. Was he wrong? Was he slow? Staging the trigger becomes very quick and eventually develops into a controlled accurate release that is as fast as the continuous squeeze that most shooters can do. I can’t condemn 5 shots in 2/5th of a second!
How does this compare to manually cock the hammer and then squeeze the trigger?
Hello. Cocking the hammer before pressing the trigger is not something we want to train. We want to train techniques that will work in that worst-case scenario, such as being caught entirely by surprise and needing to get the gun out and shooing as quickly as possible. If someone carries a gun with a longer/heavier trigger, then they should know what their abilities (personal Balance of Speed and Precision). This idea of having time to cock the hammer before shooting is very similar to carrying an autoloader without a round chambered (and training to rack the slide during the presentation), it requires too many things to be in the good guy’s favor.
Thanks
Deryck-Personal Defense Network
This is a great description of the way I was taught at the FBI Academy, Quantico. Old timers sometimes refer to this as “Rowing the Boat”
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